The most popular programming languages in Ukrainian IT: TypeScript has overtaken JavaScript, and the shares of C# and Java continue to fall

The DOU website has published its annual rating of programming languages based on a survey of about 7,500 Ukrainian IT professionals.

From the mainstream — TypeScript and Python have overtaken JavaScript in popularity, C# and Java continue to decline, while Rust is still in the «favorites».

If we take into account the distribution by specialization, QA writes in Java most of all, and Software Engineers are not so fond of Python (as much as 6th place in the ranking) — compared to DevOps (75% write in Python) and Data Science & AI/ML.

The growth of TypeScript and Python is even more noticeable given the 2019-2024 rankings, as well as the decline in popularity for traditional C# and Java programming.

From the interesting: 1C, which showed a decline in popularity in 2022has been recovering over the past two years and is still in demand in the market.

The situation is as follows in terms of development areas:

• Front-end — TypeScript is superior to JavaScript;
• Back-end — Java is the main programming language (C# and PHP are also high in the ranking);
• TypeScript is growing in Full Stack, while the share of C# is decreasing;
• In Embedded — traditional programming on microcontrollers, where the SDK usually contains only C and C++ (but Python is the next most common).

As for the platforms, the indicators remained almost unchanged over the year:

• The distribution of languages on the Web is the same as in general: the share of C# is decreasing and the share of Python and TypeScript/JavaScript is increasing;
• In cross-platform mobile development — general trends plus the rise of Kotlin;
• On Android, there is an interesting trend — the decreasing role of Kotlin and the growing share of scripting languages;
• The share of Swift is decreasing on iOS.

Rust remained the leader in the preference index (it was chosen for the second project by the largest number of specialists writing in this language), followed by Kotlin, Go, and TypeScript.

As for other interesting points from the survey, about 30% of IT professionals said they plan to learn a new programming language in 2025: 22% each chose Python and Go, 11% chose Rust, while the shares of TypeScript and JavaScript decreased (8.4% and 6.9%, respectively).

77% of IT professionals plan to learn a new language on their own, while 17% will seek help from teachers.